第十七章(1/1)

首发：~第十七章

陈牧：寡人欲知，晋文何以霸世？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，晋文得行赏之要义也，高明至贤，德行全诚，耽其以道，说其以仁，暴浣其行，昭明其名，使其为成人者，晋文以为上赏。防其以礼，谏其以谊，使其不得为非者，数引其而请于贤人之门，晋文以为次赏。勇壮强御，难在前则居前，难在后则居后，免其于患难之中者，晋文以为末赏，故晋文得以霸春秋，愿大王察之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chen mu：i want to know，why can king wen of jin dominate the world？sir taught me。xiao fan：i think，king wen of jin understood the true meaning of reward，he gave the first class reward to the wise and virtuous，he gave first class rewards to those who taught him truth and righteousness，he gives first class rewards to those who correct his mistakes and make him famous，he gave a second-class reward to those who taught him manners and kindness，he gives a second-class reward to those who do not let him do bad things，he gives a second-class reward to those who remend talent to him，he gave a third-class reward to those who were brave， fearless of danger， and responsible，he gives a third-class reward to those who save him from danger，because of this， king wen of jin dominated the world，i hope you learn from this。chen mu：sir is right，i accept your teachings。陈牧：寡人闻，上古有八政，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为八政者，人主施政教於民有八事也。一曰食，教民使勤农业也。二曰货，教民使求资用也。三曰祀，教民使敬鬼神也。四曰司空之官，主空土以居民也。五曰司徒之官，教众民以礼义也。六曰司寇之官，诘治民之奸盗也。七曰宾，教民以礼待宾客，相往来也。八曰师，立师防寇贼，以安保民也。八政如此次者，人不食则死，食於人最急，故食为先也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chen mu：i heard，there were eight types of government affairs in ancient times，sir taught me what they are？xiao fan：i think，they are the eight types of state affairs that govern the country，the first is food，the king taught people to increase agricultural production，the second is modities，it is related to the needs of normal life，the third is sacrifice，it is to make people in awe of nature，the fourth is land management，it allocates land to the people to live in，the fifth is official management，it teaches people to understand etiquette，the sixth is legal governance，it is to punish the person who mitted the crime，the seventh is the code of conduct，it regulates the behavior of people interacting with each other，the eighth is the army，it is to fend off enemies and protect the people，this is the order of the eight types of government affairs，among them， food is the most important，if there is no food， people die，therefore， put it first。chen mu：sir is right，i accept your teachings。陈牧：寡人欲出广陵公，以镇齐国，可乎？先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，广陵公至亲盛德，侔于周公，宜赞圣朝，与闻政事。今出之国，假以都督虚号，而无典戎干方之实，亏友于款笃之义，惧非大王追述先帝、太后之宿意也。若以同姓宠之太厚，则有吴、楚逆乱之谋，汉之吕、霍、王氏，皆何人也！历观古今，苟事之轻重所在，不无为害，唯当任正道而求忠良耳。若以智计猜物，虽亲见疑，至于疏者，庸可保乎！宜留广陵公，与臣、杨秀共干朝事。三人齐位，足相持正，既无偏重相倾之势，又不失亲亲仁覆之恩，计之尽善者也，愿大王察之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chen mu：i want the duke of guangling to serve in the state of qi，sir， what do you think？xiao fan：i think，duke guangling is your own brother，he has high virtues like the duke of zhou，you should put him in the central government to help you govern the country，now you want him to go out and serve，in fact， he has no real power but a false name，it is not in good manners for you to treat your brother like this，moreover， you also violate filial piety，you are afraid that he will rebel because you are too good for him，however， it was not only the princes who rebelled in the han dynasty，there are some other families，you should consider the actual situation，you should insist on righteous selection of talents， not guard against your brothers，if you even doubt your brother，then other people are even less likely to be trusted by you，you should let him preside over the work with me and yang xiu，it is enough to check and balance each other，and it will not let you violate filial piety，this is the most reasonable approach，i hope you think about it。chen mu：sir is right，i respectfully accept your teachings。陈牧：寡人待乌桓素厚，其何故反也？吾甚惑之，先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，主人不以礼待客，不出何为？今大王以家奴蓄之，其不反何待？人无礼则不生，事无礼则不成，国无礼则不宁。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人知过矣。chen mu：i treat wuhuan very well，but they betrayed me，i"m confused about this，sir taught me why？xiao fan：i think，if the host treats guests rudely，then the guest will leave angrily，you treat wuhuan like a slave，their betrayal is to be expected，if people do not understand etiquette， then there is no difference from animals，you do things if you don"t follow etiquette，then things are hard to work out，if the state does not observe etiquette，then the country will fall into chaos。chen mu：sir is right，i was wrong。陈牧：寡人闻，德无小，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，此所谓德惠者也。惠君子，君子得其福；惠小人，小人尽其力。夫德一人犹活其身，而况置惠于万人乎？故曰德无细，怨无小。岂可无树德而除怨，务利于人哉？利出者福反，怨往者祸来，刑于内者应于外，不可不惧也，是以德无小者也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chen mu：i heard that morality is no trifle，sir taught me why？xiao fan：i think，it is the grace of morality，if you favor a gentleman， then a gentleman will assist you，you favor the villain， and the villain will work hard for you，if you favor a person， you will save his life，not to mention that you have favored tens of thousands of people，therefore， there are no trifles in morality，similarly， grudges are no small matter，without favor， grudges cannot be eliminated，if not， catastrophe will ensue，internal and external things are interconnected，so you have to be careful about this kind of thing，after all，there are no trifles in morality。chen mu：sir is right，i accept your teachings。陈牧：寡人闻，鲍叔牙死，管仲举上衽而哭之，泣下如雨，何也？寡人甚惑焉，先生教我。陈牧：臣以为，管仲与叔牙负贩于南阳，三辱于市，叔牙不以其为怯，知管仲之欲，有所明也。管仲与叔牙说于王者，而三不见听，叔牙不以其为不肖，知管仲不遇明君也。管仲与叔牙临财分货，管仲取者多，叔牙不以其为贪，知管仲不足于财也。是以管仲言，生我者父母，知我者鲍子也。士为知己者死，女为悦己者容，马为策己者驰，而况为之哀乎？陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chen mu：i heard，after uncle bao died, guan zhong cried very sadly at his funeral，i"m confused about that，sir taught me why？xiao fan：i think，guan zhong and shuya have worked together，guan zhong was humiliated by others three times，shuya does not think that guan zhong is timid，he knew that guan zhong had great ambitions，guan zhong gave advice to the king three times，but the king did not receive guan zhong，shuya does not think guan zhong is inpetent，he knew that guan zhong had not met the holy king，guan zhong and shuya distribute the profits，generally, guan zhong takes more，shuya did not think that guan zhong was greedy，he knew that guan zhong was poor，therefore, guan zhong regarded shuya as a confidant，talent will die for a confidant，women dress themselves up for confidants，horses gallop for confidants，not to mention just crying。chen mu：sir is right，i accept your teachings。